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FAQ

Common questions, famous people & Terminology

WHAT ARE FREEMASONS?

Freemasons are members of fraternal organisations that trace their roots back to medieval stonemasons' guilds. Founded on principles of brotherly love, relief, and truth, they emphasise moral development, community service, and self-improvement through symbolic rituals and ceremonies. While often shrouded in secrecy, modern Freemasonry focuses on personal growth and charitable endeavours.

ARE FREEMASONS A SECRET SOCIETY?

Although they have rituals and private meetings, Freemasonry isn't inherently secretive. Their lodges are typically open to the public, and their beliefs and principles are readily available online and in published materials. However, certain aspects of their ceremonies and traditions are kept private to preserve their unique character and protect participants' privacy.

IS IT TRUE FAMOUS PEOPLE WERE FREEMASONS?

Yes, many prominent figures throughout history were Freemasons, including:​

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  • Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756-1791): The acclaimed composer even incorporated Masonic symbolism into his works like "The Magic Flute."

  • Sir Winston Churchill (1874-1965): The former British Prime Minister joined the Freemasons in 1908 and remained a member for life.

  • Mark Twain (1835-1910): The renowned American author was a vocal advocate for Freemasonry and its principles.

  • Benjamin Franklin (1706-1790): One of the Founding Fathers of the United States, Franklin was a prominent Freemason and even served as Grand Master of his local lodge in 1734.

  • Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936):  The celebrated British author of "The Jungle Book" and "Kim."  Kipling's membership in Freemasonry is debated, but there's evidence suggesting he joined a lodge in South Africa.  Some Masonic themes appear in his works.

  • Prince Philip, HRH The Duke of Edinburgh (1921-2021):  Queen Elizabeth II's husband was a Freemason for over 70 years.  Initiated in 1952, he progressed through the three degrees and remained a member until his death.

  • Arthur Conan Doyle (1859-1930):  Creator of Sherlock Holmes, Doyle was a Freemason for most of his life.  He even wrote a book about Freemasonry, "The History of Freemasonry."  Masonic themes and rituals are subtly woven into some Sherlock Holmes stories.

  • Peter Sellers (1925-1980):  The comedic genius behind Inspector Clouseau in the "Pink Panther" films.  Sellers reportedly joined a Freemason lodge in the 1960s, but details of his involvement are scarce.

  • Rick Wakeman (born 1947):  The legendary keyboardist of progressive rock bands Yes and King Crimson.  Wakeman became a Freemason in the 1970s.  He has spoken about the organisation's emphasis on self-improvement and charity.

  • Sir Alf Ramsey (1920-1999):  The England national football team manager who led them to victory in the 1966 World Cup.  Ramsey was a Freemason and reportedly quite active in his local lodge.

  • Sir Alexander Fleming (1881-1955):  The Scottish physician who discovered penicillin.  Fleming was a Freemason and even served as Master of his lodge in London.  He reportedly cherished the organisation's principles of brotherhood.

  • Sir Ernest Shackleton (1874-1922):  The famed Antarctic explorer known for his leadership during the Endurance expedition.  Shackleton was a Freemason and credited the organisation with fostering his strong moral compass.

  • King George VI (1895-1952):  The father of Queen Elizabeth II, King George VI became a Freemason in 1937.  He wasn't as actively involved as some members, but his position brought prestige to the organisation in Britain.

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Masonic Symbols and Terminology 

Freemasons use the concept of working tools throughout their degrees to represent the ongoing process of self-improvement. For example, the rough ashlar, an unpolished stone, symbolises a man in his unrefined state.  The working tools, such as the trowel, gavel, and chisel, then take on a metaphorical meaning.  The trowel represents smoothing out rough edges, both literally and figuratively, referring to correcting personal flaws and bad habits. The gavel represents the discipline and self-control needed to shape oneself into a better man. The chisel represents the constant effort required to chip away at negativity and refine one's character.  By reflecting on these tools and their symbolic meaning, Masons are encouraged to actively work on becoming better versions of themselves.

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There are many symbols and terms specific to Freemasonry, and their meaning and interpretation are part of the journey. Here are a few examples.

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  • Square and Compasses: Represents morality and justice.

  • Level: Represents equality among members.

  • Plumb: Represents upright conduct.

  • Rough Ashlar: Represents an unpolished stone, symbolising a man needing self-improvement.

  • Perfect Ashlar: Represents a polished stone, symbolising a man who has achieved self-improvement.

  • Working Tools: Masons use symbolic tools like trowel, gavel, and chisel to represent building a spiritual temple within oneself.

  • Entered Apprentice: First degree in Freemasonry, focusing on self-awareness.

  • Fellowcraft: Second degree, focusing on developing skills and knowledge.

  • Master Mason: Third degree, symbolising mastery over oneself.

  • Lodge: Local meeting place for Freemasons.

  • Grand Lodge: Governing body for Freemasonry in a specific region.

  • Warden: Officers who oversee lodge ceremonies.

  • Master: Head of a local lodge.

  • Grand Master: Head of a Grand Lodge.

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